Background:
Postoperative scar formation appears regularly after lumbar disc surgery, and is seen to be one possible reason for prolonged complaints after surgery. Therefore, several materials have been developed to decrease scarring in the spinal canal, although no significant clinical effects have been proven.
Materials and Methods:
This retrospective analysis is designed as a case-control study examining the clinical outcome, measured with the Oswestry Disability Score, of 54 patients who received microdiscectomy with an epidural fat graft, compared with 52 patients who received microdiscectomy alone, with a minimum follow-up of one year. For radiological evaluation, the preoperative and one year postoperative MRIs were assessed by a radiologist who was blind to which treatment group the patient belonged.
Results:
Whereas the requirement for postoperative analgesia was significantly lower in the fat graft group, the analysis showed no significant differences between the groups with regard to clinical outcome or scar formation by MRI one year after surgery. The fat graft was detectable in 65.8% patients on an MRI one year postoperatively.
Conclusion:
This study confirms the already-known results that fat grafts, as well as other synthetic materials, do not significantly affect the clinical outcome after lumbar disc surgery, even though there is a tendency to detect reduced scar formation on MRI images one year after surgery.
Keywords: Fat graft, lumbar disc surgery, scar formation